Behave (Book Review)
The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst Paperback – May 1, 2018 by Robert M. Sapolsky
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“You will learn most things by looking, but reading gives understanding. Reading will make you free.” ― Paul Rand
"Behave: The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst" by Robert M. Sapolsky is a comprehensive exploration of human behavior, examining the biological underpinnings of our actions. The book delves into how a variety of factors, from genetic to cultural, influence behavior, offering a multi-dimensional view of what makes us tick.
Sapolsky begins by explaining the immediate causes of behavior, such as the neurobiological processes that occur in the seconds before a response. He then expands the scope to include influences from the preceding days to years, exploring how hormones like testosterone and cortisol play roles in shaping our actions. The discussion further scales out to encompass decades, examining how early developmental experiences and genetics influence us. Finally, Sapolsky addresses the evolutionary backdrop, providing insights into how long-term environmental pressures have guided human behavior.
Central to Sapolsky’s thesis is the interplay between biology and environment. He argues that while biology sets certain potentials, the environment can modify these in significant ways. For instance, the expression of aggressive behavior is not only a product of genetic predisposition but also of personal experiences and cultural context.
Throughout the book, Sapolsky uses a wealth of scientific research to support his points, ranging from studies on primates to modern neuroimaging research. He also consistently emphasizes the complexity of human behavior, cautioning against simplistic explanations. For example, while hormones influence behavior, they do not dictate actions; rather, they interact with a person’s history and the immediate situation.
Sapolsky also explores the implications of our biological makeup for morality and justice. He questions traditional notions of responsibility, suggesting that understanding the biological bases of behavior should lead to more compassionate and effective approaches in both policy and social interactions.
In "Behave," Sapolsky offers not just a deeper understanding of what drives human actions but also a call to rethink how we judge and treat one another, based on a more nuanced understanding of the biology of behavior. The book is a blend of science and moral philosophy, presented in a way that is accessible to a broad audience, ensuring readers are engaged and informed by the complexities of human behavior.
Interested in the book? Buy on Amazon